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Rady Huang 19,081 人阅读
macOS / OS X 如何清除 homebrew 缓存

macOS / OS X 如何清除 homebrew 缓存

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MacBook Pro (13-inch, Mid 2012) 

最近将老旧的 MacBook Pro (13-inch, Mid 2012) 升级到 SSD 固态硬盘，磁盘空间告急，想着 homebrew 一直使用从没有来没有清理过缓存，查询 man brew 看到 cleanup 命令如下。

cleanup [--prune=days] [--dry-run] [-s] [formulae]  
              For  all installed or specific formulae, remove any older versions from the cellar. In addition, old downloads from the Homebrew
              download-cache are deleted.

              If --prune=days is specified, remove all cache files older than days.

              If --dry-run or -n is passed, show what would be removed, but do not actually remove anything.

              If -s is passed, scrubs the cache, removing downloads for even the latest versions of formulae. Note downloads for any installed
              formulae will still not be deleted. If you want to delete those too: rm -rf $(brew --cache)

cleanup 命令会删除旧版 cellar，以及所有 brew 缓存。好吧，正是想要的。

~ brew cleanup
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/aria2/1.20.0... (21 files, 4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/aria2/1.30.0... (22 files, 3.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/aria2/1.31.0... (22 files, 3.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/autojump/21.6.9... (11 files, 73.9KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/autojump/22.3.0... (21 files, 246.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/autojump/22.5.0... (24 files, 254.0KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/cairo/1.14.2... (122 files, 6.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/cairo/1.14.4... (118 files, 5.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1... (118 files, 5.9MB)
Warning: Skipping cmake: most recent version 3.8.2 not installed
Warning: Skipping homebrew/php/composer: most recent version 1.4.2 not installed
Warning: Skipping dnscrypt-proxy: most recent version 1.9.5 not installed
Warning: Skipping elasticsearch: most recent version 5.4.1 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/2.4.3... (217 files, 39.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/2.8.1_1... (228 files, 45.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.0... (230 files, 48MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.0.1... (230 files, 47.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.2.2... (239 files, 51.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/flow/0.22.0... (7 files, 5.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/flow/0.22.1... (7 files, 5.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/flow/0.37.4... (8 files, 5.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/flow/0.43.1... (8 files, 5.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/fontconfig/2.11.1... (449 files, 2.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/fontconfig/2.11.1_2... (450 files, 2.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.6.3... (61 files, 2.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.6_1... (61 files, 2.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.7... (61 files, 2.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.7.1... (62 files, 2.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/fribidi/0.19.7... (61 files, 373.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gdbm/1.11... (17 files, 370.7KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gdbm/1.12... (18 files, 486.9KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gettext/0.19.3... (1,925 files, 12.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gettext/0.19.4... (1,925 files, 15.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gettext/0.19.6... (1,926 files, 16.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gettext/0.19.7... (1,934 files, 16.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ghostscript/9.16... (720 files, 57.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ghostscript/9.18... (719 files, 61MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ghostscript/9.19... (717 files, 61.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ghostscript/9.21... (717 files, 64.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/giflib/4.2.3... (39 files, 603.4KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/git/2.12.2... (1,454 files, 33.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/glib/2.44.1... (421 files, 16.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/glib/2.46.1_1... (426 files, 22.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/glib/2.46.2... (426 files, 22.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/glib/2.50.2... (427 files, 22.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/glib/2.52.0... (430 files, 22.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/go/1.6... (5,624 files, 276.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/go/1.7.4_1... (6,438 files, 250.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/go/1.8.1... (7,030 files, 281.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gobject-introspection/1.44.0... (197 files, 9.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gobject-introspection/1.46.0... (199 files, 9.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gobject-introspection/1.46.0_1... (221 files, 10MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/gobject-introspection/1.50.0... (172 files, 9.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/harfbuzz/0.9.40... (82 files, 3.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/harfbuzz/1.0.4... (97 files, 3.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/harfbuzz/1.2.1... (123 files, 4.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/harfbuzz/1.2.6... (123 files, 4.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/harfbuzz/1.3.4... (132 files, 4.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/56.1... (262 files, 63.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/57.1... (265 files, 65.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/58.1... (242 files, 65MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.7-7... (1,434 files, 15.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.9.3-6... (1,459 files, 17.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.9.7-0... (1,465 files, 22.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/7.0.5-4... (1,522 files, 22.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/7.0.5-5... (1,522 files, 22.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/jbig2dec/0.12... (11 files, 278.9KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ldns/1.6.17_2... (544 files, 5.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libass/0.13.0... (9 files, 497.9KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libass/0.13.2... (9 files, 502.0KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libass/0.13.4... (10 files, 511.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libevent/2.0.21... (53 files, 1.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libevent/2.0.22... (53 files, 1.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libffi/3.0.13... (15 files, 377KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libgpg-error/1.17... (18 files, 291.5KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libgpg-error/1.19... (18 files, 310.4KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libgpg-error/1.21... (19 files, 419.4KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libgpg-error/1.25... (20 files, 441.4KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libksba/1.3.3... (13 files, 343.1KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.5.18... (23 files, 977.7KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.13... (25 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.15... (25 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.17... (25 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.18... (25 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.19... (25 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.21... (25 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.26... (26 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libsodium/0.5.0... (61 files, 1007.0KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libsodium/1.0.11... (66 files, 1.1MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libsodium/1.0.8... (64 files, 1MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.3... (256 files, 3.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.4... (259 files, 3.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.6... (261 files, 3.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.7... (248 files, 3.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.7_2... (248 files, 3.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.7_3... (248 files, 3.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libtool/2.4.6... (70 files, 3.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libvorbis/1.3.5... (158 files, 2.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libvpx/1.4.0... (16 files, 1.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libvpx/1.5.0... (16 files, 1.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libvpx/1.6.0... (16 files, 1.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.3... (276 files, 9.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4... (276 files, 9.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4_2... (277 files, 9.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1... (147 files, 3.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/libyaml/0.1.6_1... (8 files, 330.9KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/little-cms2/2.7... (17 files, 1MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.2.2... (79 files, 7.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.3.9... (94 files, 9.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/minisign/0.6_1... (4 files, 26.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/mongodb/3.4.0... (17 files, 261.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/mongodb/3.4.3... (17 files, 266.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.25... (9,841 files, 314.1MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.11... (12,818 files, 435MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.16... (13,511 files, 439MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.17... (321 files, 234.4MB)
Warning: Skipping nginx: most recent version 1.12.0_1 not installed
Warning: Skipping node: most recent version 8.0.0_1 not installed
Warning: Skipping openjpeg: most recent version 2.1.2_1 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.1g... (1,229 files, 10.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.1h... (1,229 files, 10.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.1j... (1,236 files, 10.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2c... (1,634 files, 12MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2d... (1,638 files, 11.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2d_1... (1,638 files, 11.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2g... (1,678 files, 12.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2j... (1,695 files, 12MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2k... (1,696 files, 12MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/1.1.0e... (6,303 files, 15.4MB)
Warning: Skipping pango: most recent version 1.40.6 not installed
Warning: Skipping passenger: most recent version 5.1.4 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pcre/8.37... (203 files, 5.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pcre/8.38... (203 files, 5.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pcre/8.39... (203 files, 5.4MB)
Warning: Skipping pdf2htmlex: most recent version 0.14.6_14 not installed
Warning: Skipping homebrew/php/php-cs-fixer: most recent version 2.3.2 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.30... (328 files, 48.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.32... (328 files, 48.0MB)
Warning: Skipping homebrew/php/php55-mcrypt: most recent version 5.5.38 not installed
Warning: Skipping homebrew/php/php70: most recent version 7.0.19_11 not installed
Warning: Skipping homebrew/php/php71: most recent version 7.1.5_17 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pixman/0.32.6... (12 files, 1.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pixman/0.32.8... (12 files, 1.2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29... (10 files, 625.4KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29.1... (10 files, 627.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29.1_2... (10 files, 627.5KB)
Warning: Skipping poppler: most recent version 0.55.0 not installed
Warning: Skipping postgresql: most recent version 9.6.3 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.1... (3,543 files, 52.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3... (7,720 files, 109.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/0.4.0... (32 files, 49.8KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/1.0.0... (36 files, 61.9KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/readline/6.3.8... (46 files, 2MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/readline/7.0.1... (46 files, 2MB)
Warning: Skipping ruby-build: most recent version 20170523 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/scons/2.4.1... (408 files, 3.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.11.0... (10 files, 2.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.11.0_1... (10 files, 2.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.12.0... (10 files, 2.8MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.15.2... (11 files, 2.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.18.0... (11 files, 3.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.7.15.2... (11 files, 1.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.8.2... (10 files, 2.0MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ssh-copy-id/6.6p1... (7 files, 164.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ssh-copy-id/7.1p1... (7 files, 335KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ssh-copy-id/7.2p2... (7 files, 310.4KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ssh-copy-id/7.3p1... (8 files, 309.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/tag/0.7.5... (4 files, 46.2KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/tag/0.8.1... (4 files, 49.6KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/texi2html/1.82... (108 files, 2MB)
Warning: Skipping tomcat: most recent version 8.5.15 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/tree/1.6.0... (7 files, 96.7KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ttfautohint/1.3... (8 files, 250.7KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ttfautohint/1.5... (8 files, 266KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/unison/2.48.3... (6 files, 3.6MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/unixodbc/2.3.2_1... (34 files, 954.8KB)
Warning: Skipping unrar: most recent version 5.5.3 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/watchman/3.9.0... (17 files, 254.0KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/watchman/4.4.0... (22 files, 386.2KB)
Warning: Skipping wget: most recent version 1.19.1_1 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/wxmac/3.0.2... (812 files, 39.5MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/wxmac/3.0.2_2... (809 files, 23.7MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/x264/r2601... (10 files, 3.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/x264/r2728... (11 files, 3.3MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/xz/5.2.1... (91 files, 1.4MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/xz/5.2.2... (91 files, 1.4MB)
Warning: Skipping yarn: most recent version 0.24.6 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/yasm/1.3.0... (44 files, 3.1MB)
Warning: Skipping youtube-dl: most recent version 2017.05.29 not installed
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/zlib/1.2.8... (11 files, 361.6KB)
==> This operation has freed approximately 4.4GB of disk space.

清理出 4.4G 空间，大功告成。

（完）

Rady Huang 336 人阅读
使用 Homebrew 完成 macOS 10.12 Sierra 下 PHP 多版本切换

使用 Homebrew 完成 macOS 10.12 Sierra 下 PHP 多版本切换

, ,

之前的文章我们已经通过 brew 成功安装 Apache 2.4 接下来，我们继续安装 PHP。通过以下命令分别安装多个版本。

$ brew install php55 --with-httpd24 
$ brew unlink php55 
$ brew install php56 --with-httpd24 
$ brew unlink php56 
$ brew install php70 --with-httpd24 
$ brew unlink php70 
$ brew install php71 --with-httpd24

执行完成后四个版本的 PHP 位于下列位置：

/usr/local/Cellar/php55/
/usr/local/Cellar/php56/
/usr/local/Cellar/php70/
/usr/local/Cellar/php71/

接下来我们安装 sphp。sphp 可以方便切换 PHP 版本，官方网址 https://github.com/sgotre/sphp-osx 。

# 下载到本地目录
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sgotre/sphp-osx/master/sphp > /usr/local/bin/sphp

# 添加可执行权限
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/sphp

在运行 sphp 之前确保 /usr/local/bin 添加到 $PATH，通过以下命令进行检查：

echo $PATH | grep '/usr/local/bin'

出现以下结果则为正常



如果未出现，请使用以下命令：

# Terminal
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"' >> $HOME/.bashrc
# iTerm
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"' >> $HOME/.zshrc

现在通过以下命令完成 PHP 版本切换：

sphp 55
sphp 56
sphp 70
sphp 70
Rady Huang 626 人阅读
使用 Homebrew macOS 10.12 Sierra 下安装 Apache 2.4

使用 Homebrew macOS 10.12 Sierra 下安装 Apache 2.4

, ,

先确认安装 xcode 命令行工具集，执行一次如下命令

xcode-select --install

如果之前已经安装会得到错误信息如下：

xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates

安装 Homebrew

因为接下来我们全程都需要使用 brew 来完成，通过以下命令安装： 

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

如果之前安装过 brew，通过查下版本信息并更新

# 查看 brew 版本信息
brew -v
# brew 自检，确保配制正确
brew doctor
# brew 信息更新
brew update

到此，brew 已经准备就绪。

安装 Apache

macOS 10.12 Sierra 系统有预装 Apache 2.4，但有一些功能被移除会导致使用起来有这样那样的问题。我们使用 Homebrew 安装标准版 Apache 2.4 并且运行与标准的 80/443 端口。所有这些操作需要先停止运行中的 Apache，删除系统原有自启动项，系列命令如下： 

sudo apachectl stop
sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.apache.httpd.plist 2>/dev/null
brew install httpd24 --with-privileged-ports --with-http2

至此，已经将最新版本的 Apache 2.4.25 （作者写作时 Apache 的版本） 安装以下目录：

/usr/local/Cellar/httpd24/2.4.25/

接下来比较操作将新安装的 Apache 设置为随系统启动。 


sudo cp -v /usr/local/Cellar/httpd24/2.4.25/homebrew.mxcl.httpd24.plist /Library/LaunchDaemons
sudo chown -v root:wheel /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.httpd24.plist
sudo chmod -v 644 /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.httpd24.plist
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.httpd24.plist

至此，打开浏览器会看到如下画面，Apache 已正常工作。



通过命令行得到的 Apache 版本信息。

httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.25 (Unix)
Server built:   Jan 11 2017 20:47:08